ANATOMY OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM
- Pathway of sight
- parallel pathways and the LGN
- parvocellular retinal ganglion cells
- magnocellular retinal ganglion cells
- pathway overlap and short circuits (Dyslexia Theory)
- Primary visual areas
- Secondary visual areas
- Interpretation of these areas
VISUAL MOTOR INTEGRATION IN THE BRAIN
- Primary motor pathway
- Cortical interactions between the motor system and the visual system
- Secondary visual area interaction
POSITIONING, MOVEMENT, AND THE EFFECTS ON VISION
- Reflexes: acquiring visual-motor control
- Righting reactions: proprioception, vestibular, and visual system interaction
- Pelvic girdle: power, visual awareness, and alertness
- Shoulder girdle: head and neck control, ocular motor activation
CROSS DOMINANCE: WHEN HAND DOMINANCE AND EYE DOMINANCE DON’T MATCH
- Defining and identifying cross dominance
- Why do we have a dominant eye when half of each eye has control?
- Directionality and play issues
- Handwriting issues
- Reading challenges
- Treatment techniques and relationship to the brain
- Lab
- discrimination training
- vertical midline activities
UNILATERAL VISUAL NEGLECT
- Definition of neglect and the identification
- Issues during play, work, and school
- Handwriting clues associated with visual neglect
- Environmental adaptions
- Treatment techniques
- Lab
- reflex training
- midline exercises
EYE TEAMING TRACKING AND SACCADES
- Musculature of the eye
- What do problems look like?
- When should I treat and when should I refer?
- reading problems
- handwriting problems
- gross motor problems
- orthopedic pelvic dysfunctions
- Training and lab
- focus/refocus exercises
- motor system treatments
- reading training
VISUAL PROCESSING
- Understanding visual processing
- Visual spatial relations
- Visual figure ground
- Effects on handwriting
- Reading challenges
- Treatment techniques
- Lab
- space-moment and cortical learning
- relationship to saccades and eye teaming
SCOTOPIC SENSITIVITY AND ITS SECONDARY EFFECTS
- Definition and theory
- Effects on visual pathways and secondary visual areas
- Treatment techniques and effect on visual spatial relations, tracking, and scanning
- Case study